Egypt : Who owns the treasure in the 21st century?

The 20th century witnessed the discovery of two intact Pharaonic tombs. The gold one, for Pharaoh Tutankhamun, in 1922, and the silver one, for Pharaoh Psusnes I, in 1940. The 21st century is still waiting.

The graves of a number of pharaohs and their wives are still unknown, although some of them had their mummies found in a tomb discovered at the end of the nineteenth century. The tomb is hidden in the form of a well in Deir el-Bahari in Luxor today, and bears the name “TT 320”, and the priests transferred to it the mummies and belongings of more than 50 high-ranking Pharaonic figures, including kings, princes and notables.

Among the many kings of ancient Egyptian civilization whose tombs are being excavated by Egyptian archaeologists and experts who strive to find their tombs, are the Pharaohs and the following high-ranking figures:

Nefertiti:

Queen Nefertiti, wife of Pharaoh Akhenaten, is widely known in the world for her magnificent bust displayed in the Berlin Museum. Neither the tomb nor the mummy of Nefertiti has been discovered. This queen, whose personality, identity, and even fate are widely debated, is believed to have enjoyed an unprecedented royal rank, and shared the same rank with her husband.

It is believed that Nefertiti's tomb is located in the Valley of the Kings, while a modern radar survey of King Tutankhamun's tomb in 2020 led some experts in Egyptian civilization to expect that her tomb might be specifically hidden in a secret room inside the tomb of the Golden Boy. Nefertiti was Tutankhamun's stepmother, and also the mother of his wife, Ankhesenamun.

Ankhesenamun:

Wife of Tutankhamun and daughter of Nefertiti and Akhenaten, her grave is still unknown, and it may be hidden under the sand next to the grave of Tutankhamun. Perhaps if excavators of ancient Egyptian antiquities were able to find it while it was in good condition, they would find rare treasures, antiques, and decorations.

Ramesses VIII:

The tomb of this pharaoh, who is believed to have ruled for less than a year, and information about his life is rare, and the cause of his death is unknown. It is believed that he faced disputes over the throne, and he is the only one of his dynasty whose grave has not been found yet.

Cleopatra:

Cleopatra is the last Pharaonic ruler of Egypt and at the same time the last pharaoh of the Macedonian Ptolemaic dynasty. It is believed that she committed suicide after the defeat of her forces and the forces of her ally, the Roman leader and politician Marcus Antonius, so that she would not be humiliated and led in chains through the streets of Rome. Some experts believe that her grave is hidden in the coastal town of Taposiris Magna, west of Alexandria, and a number of archaeologists are seeking to discover it and win the prize.

Khufu:

Although the mummy of its owner, Pharaoh Khufu, was not found in the burial chamber of the Great Pyramid, experts believe that the tomb of this famous pharaoh has not yet been discovered, and may be hidden in a secret room in the pyramid.  

Amenhotep I:

This pharaoh was one of the powerful and powerful warriors. His mummy was found in the nineteenth century in a burial ground near the current city of Luxor, but his original grave remains unknown until now. It is believed that his grave may be in the “Draa Abu Al-Naga” area in the ancient Thebes region, or In the Valley of the Kings, while one researcher assumes that it is located in Deir el-Bahri near the funerary temple of Hatshepsut.

Thutmose II:

The mummy of Pharaoh Thutmose II was found hidden in a cemetery in Deir el-Bahri above the funerary temple of Queen Hatshepsut in the early last century after he was reburied by priests, but his original grave has not been discovered until now. Thutmose II is the husband and brother of Queen Hatshepsut, who took over the throne after his death.

Akhenaten:

This pharaoh, famous for his religious reform and imposing the worship of one god, Aten, is very famous and his name is constantly mentioned for several reasons, including that he is the father of Tutankhamun. However, his tomb has not yet been discovered, although the mummy of Akhenaten was found in a burial ground in the early twentieth century.

Although the mummies of some of these pharaohs were found in alternative burials after they were moved after the tombs of their original owners were most likely looted, the possibility of finding treasures and artifacts in the original tombs is still possible.

Tutankhamun's tomb was also visited by thieves, as experts confirm, but most of the treasures buried with him remained intact, and floods that buried his tomb under rocks contributed to keeping it later out of the reach of tomb thieves throughout history until it was discovered on February 4, 1922. Therefore, it is still one of the It is possible to find amazing Pharaonic treasures similar to what was found in the tombs of the two pharaohs Tutankhamun and Psusenes I.

With the rapid development in exploration methods and modern devices used in this field, the 21st century is eagerly anticipating such an event.